Extinguishers, oxygen, emollients, and higher-risk situations

Some fire risks in care homes need particular attention because they make fires start more easily, spread faster, or increase harm to residents who cannot move away. Staff should follow local controls and escalate concerns promptly.

Fire extinguisher awareness

Fire extinguishers are for trained use on small fires only, and only when the alarm has been raised, the correct extinguisher is available, and a safe exit remains behind the person. In most care-home incidents, protecting residents and following the evacuation plan take priority over attempting to fight a fire.

• Do not use an extinguisher unless trained and safe: incorrect use can make the situation worse.
• Use the correct type: water, foam, CO2, powder and wet chemical extinguishers are designed for different fires.
• Keep your exit clear: ensure you always have a route to leave.
• Stop if smoke or fire grows: withdraw and continue the evacuation response.

Oxygen, emollients, smoking, and flammable materials

• Oxygen: enrichment makes materials burn much faster. Smoking, naked flames, some electrical items, grease, poor storage and unsupervised use around oxygen are serious hazards.
• Emollients: MHRA warns that fabric with dried emollient residue can ignite more easily and burn more intensely. This includes paraffin and can also occur with paraffin-free products. Washing reduces but may not eliminate the risk.
• Smoking: residents who smoke may need individual risk assessment, supervision, designated safe areas, metal ashtrays and safe disposal arrangements.
• Aerosols and flammable products: store as instructed and keep away from heat, ignition sources, escape routes and unsuitable cupboards.

Manager focus: high-risk residents and products

Higher-risk fire situations often involve combinations: oxygen plus smoking, emollients plus bedding, electrical equipment plus clutter, or residents' choices combined with reduced ability to escape.